http://ebiblioteka.efsa.unsa.ba/xmlui/handle/EFSA/678 Tue, 14 Apr 2026 17:22:44 GMT 2026-04-14T17:22:44Z http://ebiblioteka.efsa.unsa.ba/xmlui/handle/EFSA/1051 Kritička analiza mogućnosti uvođenja takaful osiguranja u sekularnoj regulativi: primjer Bosne i Hercegovine Alihodžić, Advija Ova disertacija istražuje osnovanost, opravdanost i provodivost uvođenja takaful osiguranja u Bosni i Hercegovini, uzimajući u obzir regulatorni okvir, tržišnu potražnju i globalna iskustva u razvoju islamskog osiguranja. U teorijskom dijelu rada analizirani su principi islamske moralne ekonomije i njihova relevantnost za sekularna tržišta osiguranja, dok je empirijsko istraživanje omogućilo kvantifikaciju ključnih faktora koji utiču na kupovne intencije prema takaful osiguranju u Bosni i Hercegovini. Metodološki pristup disertacije uključuje sistematičnu analizu literature, regulatornu analizu i empirijsko istraživanje u kojem su korištene kvantitativne i kvalitativne metode. Primjenom eksploratorne faktorske analize, identifikovani su ključni faktori koji oblikuju percepciju i spremnost potrošača za prihvatanje takaful osiguranja. Osim toga, provedeni su intervjui sa relevantnim akterima iz sektora osiguranja, regulatornim institucijama i potencijalnim investitorima kako bi se stekla dublja slika o tržišnim i institucionalnim izazovima uvođenja takaful modela. Ključni rezultati pokazuju da postoji značajna potražnja za takaful osiguranjem među stanovništvom Bosne i Hercegovine, pri čemu religijska uvjerenja, etički principi i povjerenje u islamske finansijske institucije predstavljaju ključne determinante kupovne intencije. Također, istraživanje je potvrdilo da trenutni regulatorni okvir ne predstavlja prepreku za uvođenje takaful osiguranja, ali da su određene zakonodavne prilagodbe potrebne kako bi se osigurala dugoročna održivost ovog modela. Identifikovani su i izazovi u pogledu edukacije potrošača i osiguravajućih društava, kao i potrebe za razvojem specijaliziranih tržišnih strategija za uspješno pozicioniranje takaful osiguranja u BiH. Praktične implikacije istraživanja odnose se na kreiranje jasnih preporuka za osiguravajuće kuće koje razmatraju uvođenje takaful proizvoda. Posebno su analizirani modeli implementacije takaful osiguranja u drugim zemljama, pri čemu su identificirani faktori uspješne integracije u sekularna finansijska tržišta, poput onih u Velikoj Britaniji. Ovi nalazi mogu služiti kao vodič za osiguravajuća društva i regulatore u BiH prilikom razmatranja strategija razvoja islamskog osiguranja. Društvene implikacije ovog istraživanja ogledaju se u činjenici da bi uvođenje takaful osiguranja doprinijelo većoj inkluzivnosti finansijskog sektora u BiH, omogućavajući građanima pristup osiguranju koje je usklađeno s njihovim etičkim i religijskim uvjerenjima. Osim toga, istraživanje pokazuje da islamske finansije mogu igrati ključnu ulogu u razvoju etičkog i društveno odgovornog poslovanja, čime bi se osnažila uloga finansijskog sektora u društvenom i ekonomskom razvoju. Originalnost istraživanja leži u činjenici da se po prvi put u BiH provodi empirijska analiza kupovne intencije prema takaful osiguranju, uz primjenu naprednih statističkih metoda i direktnu komparaciju sa regulatornim i tržišnim praksama u drugim zemljama. Također, ovo istraživanje predstavlja značajan doprinos akademskoj zajednici u pogledu razumijevanja izazova i mogućnosti implementacije islamskih finansijskih proizvoda u sekularnim društvima. Ovo istraživanje pruža značajnu osnovu za buduće akademske i regulatorne inicijative, postavljajući temelj za dalja istraživanja u oblasti islamskih finansija, kao i za strateške odluke u sektoru osiguranja u Bosni i Hercegovini. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://ebiblioteka.efsa.unsa.ba/xmlui/handle/EFSA/1051 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ebiblioteka.efsa.unsa.ba/xmlui/handle/EFSA/950 Transformacijskim vodstvom do boljih radnih performansi: uloga organizacijske pravednosti, organizacijskog građanskog ponašanja i psihološke nesigurnosti Randall, Indira Cilj ovog rada je doprinijeti postojećoj literaturi ispitivanjem uticaja transformacijskog vodstva na organizacijsko građansko ponašanje (OGP) putem organizacijske pravednosti te uticaj OGP-a i organizacijske pravednosti na radne performanse. Izučavan je i uticaj psihološke nesigurnosti uposlenika na njihov OGP i radne performanse te moderirajuća uloga transformacijskog vodstva u tim odnosima. Za potrebe ovog istraživanja korišten je deduktivni pristup, sa Adamsovom teorijom jednakosti i teorijom društvene razmjene kao teorijskim osnovama istraživanja. Prema Adamsovoj teoriji jednakosti, sudovi o pravednosti i nepravednosti se izvode iz poređenja između sebe i ostalih, a zasnovano na inputima i ishodima, a prema teoriji društvene razmjene, svi odnosi se formiraju, održavaju ili prekidaju zbog analize troškova i koristi. Pregledom literature identifikovani su faktori koji su bili predmet ove analize te njihove međusobne kauzalne veze. Time je sačinjen jedinstven mjerni model koji čini polaznu osnovu ovog rada. Pretpostavljene veze testirane su modeliranjem strukturalnih jednačina. Analiza je uključila ispitivanje razlika u određenim uticajima između dvije subpopulacije: uposlenih u javnom i privatnom sektoru u Bosni i Hercegovini. Rezultati su pokazali da transformacijsko vodstvo pozitivno utiče na OGP putem organizacijske pravednosti kao punog medijatora te da OGP pozitivno utiče na radne performanse uposlenih. Dokazan je snažan direktni učinak transformacijskog vodstva na organizacijsku pravednost, potvrdivši da ovaj stil vodstva jača percepcije uposlenika o pravičnosti i jednakosti na radnom mjestu. Nadalje je dokazan pozitivan uticaj organizacijske pravednosti na OGP, potvrdivši da će se uposleni više uključivati u OGP iz osjećaja obaveze prema pravednom ponašanju organizacije i njenih članova kako bi im uzvratili za sve društvene i materijalne koristi, što je u skladu sa Adamsovom teorijom jednakosti i teorijom društvene razmjene. Takođe je utvrđeno da psihološka nesigurnost kao averzivan konstrukt negativno utiče na radne performanse uposlenih, ali da ona nema signifikantan uticaj na njihov OGP. Ispitivanjem moderacijskog efekta transformacijskog vodstva na navedene odnose utvrđeno je da nema takvog efekta na odnos između psihološke nesigurnosti i radnih performanse, ali da transformacijsko vodstvo signifikantno moderira odnos između psihološke nesigurnosti i OGP-a ublažavajući potencijalne štetne učinke psihološke nesigurnosti na OGP. Ovom disertacijom razvijen je sveobuhvatan model koji pojašnjava na koji način transformacijsko vodstvo dovodi do dobrovoljnih ponašanja uposlenih koja jačaju socijalnu strukturu organizacije te u konačnici do boljih radnih performansi u izazovnim vremenima, čime ovaj rad daje značajan doprinos postojećoj literaturi. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://ebiblioteka.efsa.unsa.ba/xmlui/handle/EFSA/950 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ebiblioteka.efsa.unsa.ba/xmlui/handle/EFSA/941 The effect of exports, foreign direct investment, and formal linkages with foreign companies on the environmental performance of companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina Resch, Aida This dissertation is aimed at contributing to recent literature concerning environmental management performance by shedding light on motives and barriers that affect the environmental behaviour of companies and by discussing the importance of external and internal factors that influence the environmental performance of manufacturing enterprises. Specifically, the empirical analysis investigates how the transfer of technology and knowledge, facilitated by market liberalisation, influences environmental protection at the level of companies. Focusing on manufacturing companies in pollution-intensive industries in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the study (1) relies on qualitative analysis to develop the conceptual model and to identify some of the key drivers that influence environmental practices, and (2) employs quantitative methods to explore the impact of exports, foreign ownership, and foreign market linkages on the environmental performance of manufacturing enterprises. Findings reveal a strong relationship between market liberalisation and environmental performance of companies not necessarily enhancing environmental protection. Particularly, the obtained results highlight the importance of exports to the EU, while formal partnerships with foreign enterprises is not found to positively impact companies’ environmental performance. The results contribute to recent literature that renders support to the hypothesis that foreign market linkages contribute to improved environmental performance, mainly through exports amid adverse effect suggested for the backward linkages depicted in formal linkages with foreign companies examined in this research. Overall conclusions lead to prevalence of Pollution Heaven Hypothesis in the specific context of less advanced transition economy. The research embarks from previous literature in that it sheds light on the role of formal partnerships with foreign entities in influencing companies’ behaviour. Though these linkages are not found to contribute to the improvements in environmental management exhibited through econometric analysis, qualitative analysis substantiates support to proposition that formal partnership does play important role in improving environmental management performance via technology transfer, associated with the adoption of cleaner technologies and the introduction of more sophisticated management practices, including better environmental management practices. Specifically, the results of empirical models reveal significant negative effects of differentiated types of formal partnerships on environmental management performance. The results highlight limited importance of the vertical integration of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s manufacturing enterprises into foreign market structures and industrial value-added chains, when it comes to environmental protection. Finally, the study finds significant negative impact of foreign ownership on environmental management performance, which seems at odds with theoretical propositions suggesting superior capabilities of multinational companies, and provides strong evidence that legitimize environmental risks associated with multinationals that exploit differences in environmental stringency across countries. In addition to exploring the determinants of environmental management performance, this dissertation investigates the importance of environmental management in enhancing the competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises and its significance in exporting products from pollution-intensive industries to the European Union market in particular. The results highlight the significance of international environmental standards in explaining the export performance of manufacturing enterprises. Finally, this dissertation contributes to recent literature by presenting new knowledge regarding companies’ environmental behaviour, with important insights into the environmental management practices of manufacturing companies, specifically in the context of pollution-intensive industries and transition market economies. In regard to the latter, the qualitative analysis of this research explores data and information that help us comprehend specificities related to important aspects and dimensions that constitute environmental management performance, and it also helps identify motives and barriers that drive or inhibit the introduction of and/or improvements of environmental management practices. The study highlights the importance of understanding both motives and barriers to environmental management adoption, identifying financial constraints and human resource shortages as critical obstacles. The results of the dissertation offer valuable insights for policymakers and businesses, pointing to the relevance of targeted government intervention aimed at fostering environmentally friendly collaboration between companies, removing obstacles to improving environmental management performance and engaging in strategic approach to attract foreign direct investment to avoid adverse effects on the environment. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://ebiblioteka.efsa.unsa.ba/xmlui/handle/EFSA/941 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ebiblioteka.efsa.unsa.ba/xmlui/handle/EFSA/921 Market readiness for artificial intelligence-enhanced banking services Turnadžić, Tamara In 2024, AI seems to be everywhere. In November 2022, the first version of ChatGPT was released, and terms that had been perceived as technical and were often misunderstood - like AI, ML, NLP, and neural networks – became ubiquitous. This boosted both development and research, resulting in an avalanche of AI news in all media outlets. While some are excited about everything AI can bring to the table, others are concerned and are trying to raise awareness of the potential risks advanced AI comes with, such as ‘stealing’ human jobs and, in the bleakest predictions, taking over the world. Many are neutral – either due to not knowing enough about AI, or due to not considering it to be a real threat. It is impossible to cover all the ways AI could potentially impact human lives. This thesis focuses on one specific, niche aspect – AI’s impact on business and customer service, and more specifically banking. After an overview of currently available theory and research on AI (from origin and history, to categorization, to use cases in banking), research results are presented and discussed. The research took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), an example of a transitional economy. The qualitative portion of the research was done using semi-structured interviews with nine managers from seven banks (representing the majority of the local bank industry). The conversations showed that B&H banks fall into the category of digital laggards. The challenges faced on the way to technological innovativeness were discussed at length (mainly governmental and regulatory constraints). Other aspects of market readiness for AI were discussed, including the perceptions around customer readiness for non-human interactions. The quantitative part of the research builds on top of this. The survey data was gathered from 671 bank customers in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM) were used to analyze the results. Pieces of several popular technology readiness models were incorporated to design the research model used for this thesis. The effects of functional elements, social elements, and technology readiness on attitudes towards AI, and subsequently acceptance of AI, were tested, alongside control variables of education and gender. Testing through 11 hypotheses shows little significance of technological readiness, but important effects of social and functional elements. While gender seems to not have an impact on the results, education matters. The thesis ends with a discussion of results, combining conclusions from theory, previous research, and the qualitative and quantitative portions of this research. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://ebiblioteka.efsa.unsa.ba/xmlui/handle/EFSA/921 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z